Space and environmental physiology – Rodrigo Fernandez Gonzalo group

Our work focuses on understanding how spaceflight affects the mass and function of skeletal muscle and how this tissue interacts with other physiological systems of the human body in space. We are also very interested in developing countermeasures to offset the deleterious effect of spaceflight on the human body.

Man in space suit working on equipment on a spacewalk.

Our research

We investigate how the space exposome (i.e. microgravity, radiation, and confinement and stress) affects skeletal muscle mass and function. We are very interested in investigating how spaceflight-induced changes in skeletal muscle affect other organ systems, particularly the skeletal, nervous and immune systems. Given the negative consequences of the space exposome on the human body, and in particular on skeletal muscle, we are involved in projects to develop, test and refine exercise countermeasures to offset these detrimental effects.

Our research combines molecular analysis, imaging information (both at the cellular and tissue/body level) and physical performance outcomes to understand the real consequences of spaceflight for humans and how we can counteract these effects. Our ultimate goal is to facilitate the exploration activities currently being developed by the European Space Agency and other space agencies by maintaining the health and fitness status of crew members.

Another important part of our research is to apply the knowledge gained from our space activities and use it to improve the quality of life of patients suffering from various diseases.

Publications

Selected publications

Funding

Grants

  • The role of mechanotransduction and ubiquitin-proteosome system on skeletal muscle atrophy
    Karolinska Institutet
  • Single nuclei RNA sequencing in human skeletal muscle after unloading
    Gösta Fraenckel Foundation - KI Fonder
  • Mechanisms behind skeletal muscle and immune system alterations during spaceflight
    Swedish National Space Agency
  • Transcriptomic Regulation of Bedrest-Induced Muscle and Immune System Alterations - Investigating the Role of Long Non-Coding RNA
    Swedish National Space Agency & European Space Agency

Staff and contact

Group leader

All members of the group

Other people connected to the group

  • Risbridger, Karolina
  • Silnicki, Raphael

Research techniques

Our group conducts human studies using state-of-the-art laboratory equipment to investigate the functional, molecular, and metabolic responses to increased or decreased (e.g., microgravity) muscle use. 

We utilize the laboratory facilities of the Division of Clinical Physiology at Karolinska University Hospital in Huddinge, which are fully equipped for exercise, unloading, and invasive studies in humans as well as for non-invasive measurements of physiological functions. In addition, at ANA Futura we have laboratory facilities for molecular and cellular work. Our group also performs animal studies (mice) in collaboration with our international partners. 

Platforms

  • Humans: Long-term bed rest, unilateral lower limb suspension (ULLS), parabolic flights, the clinics.
  • Animals: hind limb unloading in mice, irradiation
  • In vitro:2D and 3D cellular models of human skeletal muscle, real (sounding rockets) and simulated microgravity, irradiation. 

Methods

  • Muscle function and fitness tests; imaging techniques (ultrasound, MRI, CT); cell cultures and associated assays; immunohistochemistry; transcriptomics in bulk tissue, single cells, and single nuclei.

Unloading model used in a study how microgravity affects skeletal muscle and astronaut health

Teaching assignments

Our group is involved in teaching activities in the following courses:

  • Advanced Human Physiology Research at the Global Master's Programme in Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, KI (also offered as free-standing course)
     
  • Anatomy and Physiology at the Nursing program, KI (distance) 
     
  • Human Spaceflight at the Master’s Programme in Aerospace Engineering, KTH
     
  • Erasmus Mundus Joint Master (EMJM) in Physiology and Medicine of Humans in Space and Extreme Environments