Research and Development

SMAILE develops and maintains cutting-edge open-source tools that advance medical AI research and clinical practice.

Research Tools and Platforms

SMAILE develops and maintains innovative research tools that advance the field of medical AI while remaining freely accessible to the global research community. Our platforms embody our commitment to open science and collaborative innovation, providing researchers and clinicians with sophisticated tools for medical AI research, clinical pathway analysis, and medical imaging applications.

MEDLEY (Medical Ensemble Diagnostic system with Leveraged diversitY) represents a paradigm shift in medical AI. Rather than seeking a single 'perfect' model, MEDLEY orchestrates multiple AI systems in parallel, preserving their diverse perspectives, biases, and disagreements as valuable clinical insights.

In a large language model demonstrator, unlike traditional approaches that collapse multiple AI outputs into a single answer, MEDLEY treats disagreement as an informative signal and bias as a form of specialization. Our proof-of-concept demonstrates how 30+ language models can collaborate to surface diagnostic uncertainty, identify rare conditions, and provide clinicians with a range of perspectives rather than a single recommendation.

Key Benefits

  • Preserves minority perspectives that might catch rare diseases
  • Makes AI bias transparent and manageable
  • Reduces automation bias by encouraging active clinical reasoning
  • Mirrors multidisciplinary tumor boards in practice

Purpose and Innovation

Multi-model medical AI ensemble system that orchestrates 30+ diverse AI models. Revolutionary approach that preserves disagreement as diagnostic insight rather than collapsing into consensus. Treats bias as specialization and makes uncertainty visible to clinicians.

Key Capabilities

  • Parallel orchestration of heterogeneous models.
  • Bias detection through model disagreement patterns.
  • Uncertainty quantification and calibration.
  • Transparent provenance documentation.
  • Population-specific disease recognition.

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MEDLEY - Medical AI Ensemble System

HealthProcessAI is a comprehensive, dual-language framework (Python & R) that applies process mining techniques to healthcare data, incorporating integrated AI capabilities. Developed at SMAILE, it helps researchers and clinicians understand actual care pathways, identify bottlenecks, and optimize clinical workflows.

Unique Features

  • Parallel Python and R implementations for flexibility
  • LLM integration for AI-powered clinical insights
  • Multi-model orchestration consolidating insights from Claude, GPT-4, Gemini, and more
  • Comprehensive tutorials for healthcare professionals

Purpose and Innovation

Dual-language (Python & R) framework for healthcare process mining with integrated AI-powered insights. Unique orchestrator feature consolidates insights from multiple LLM models into unified comprehensive reports for clinical pathway optimization

Key Capabilities

  • Complete 5-step analysis pipeline
  • LLM integration (Claude, GPT-4, Gemini, DeepSeek, Grok)
  • Multi-model insight orchestration
  • Sepsis tracking & pathway optimization
  • Clinical-friendly tutorials 

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HealthProcessAI - Process Mining Framework | SMAILE, Karolinska Institutet

SpekPy is a state-of-the-art toolkit for estimating photon spectra from X-ray tubes. Originally available only as a Python package requiring programming expertise, SpekPy Web now provides both a user-friendly graphical interface and an API, making advanced X-ray modeling accessible to all researchers and medical physicists.

Technical excellence

  • Database of 445 materials (all elements H-U plus phantom materials and tissues).
  • Validated against International Bureau of Weights and Measures standards.
  • All estimates within 3.5 percent agreement.
  • Average calculation time: 2.5 seconds per spectrum.

Perfect for

  • Medical physicists performing dosimetry.
  • Researchers studying radiation effects.
  • Equipment developers optimizing x-ray systems.
  • Anyone needing accurate spectrum estimation without coding.

Purpose and Innovation

Advanced x-ray spectrum estimation toolkit with both GUI and API access. Makes sophisticated photon spectrum modeling accessible without programming expertise. Validated against international standards with exceptional accuracy.

Key Capabilities

  • 445 material database (H-U elements, tissues).
  • Web-based GUI for easy access.
  • RESTful API for programmatic use.
  • 3.5 percent accuracy vs. BIPM standards.
  • 2.5 second average computation. 

SpekPy Web

Published in AAPM Medical Physics

Content reviewer:
11-11-2025