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[null,"RELIABILITY"]
[null,"Participants"]
[1,"The recruitment strategy and eligibility criteria for the participants were appropriate for the research question of the study."]
[2,"The sample size was appropriate for the statistical analysis and study design."]
[3,"The control group was appropriate for the research question and study design."]
[4,"The outcome was absent in participants at the beginning of the study."]
[5,"The baseline characteristics of participants were described (demographic, social, health status) in this study, or a reference was added if characteristics were described previously."]
[null,"Exposure"]
[6,"Reliable and sensitive methods were used for measuring the exposure (direct and indirect assessment methods)."]
[7,"The same methods were used for measuring the exposure in all participants."]
[8,"Reliable (bio)matrices were used for measuring the exposure. "]
[9,"Chemicals (reference material, substances/chemicals used in the pre-analytical and analytical phases) and laboratory equipment used for analysis were of appropriate quality and purity to reliably measure the (bio)markers of exposure."]
[10,"Reliable and specific (bio)markers were used for measuring the exposure."]
[11,"Reliable laboratory test procedures (e.g., laboratories with external quality assessment scheme certificate - EQUAS certificate, using internal and/or external quality control samples) were used when measuring the exposure."]
[12,"Appropriate percentage of samples was above the limit of detection (LOD) or limit of quantification (LOQ)."]
[13,"Samples were treated appropriately and with a low risk of contamination during the pre-analytical and analytical phases."]
[null,"Outcome"]
[14,"Reliable and sensitive methods were used for investigating the selected biomarker and/or outcome."]
[15,"The same methods were used to measure the biomarker/outcome in all participants."]
[16,"Reliable biomarkers were used for measuring the outcome."]
[17,"Reliable biomatrices were used for measuring the outcome. "]
[18,"Chemicals (reference material, substances/chemicals used in the pre-analytical and analytical phases) and laboratory equipment used for analysis were of appropriate quality and purity."]
[19,"Reliable laboratory test procedures (e.g., laboratories with external quality assessment scheme certificate - EQUAS certificate, using internal and/or external quality control samples) were used when measuring the outcome."]
[20,"Appropriate number of samples was above the limit of detection (LOD) or limit of quantification (LOQ)."]
[21,"Samples were treated appropriately and with a low risk of contamination during the pre-analytical and analytical phases."]
[null,"Exposure & Outcome"]
[22,"The outcome assessors were blinded to the exposure assessment results, and exposure assessors were blinded to the outcome assessment."]
[null,"Analysis"]
[23,"Concentrations of biomarkers were matrix adjusted (if needed)."]
[24,"Appropriate data processing and statistical methods were used. "]
[25,"Important confounders were identified. These important confounders were appropriately accounted for in the study design or analysis."]
[26,"Missing data were handled adequately in the dataset."]
[27,"If applicable, results (significant and not significant) of the statistical analyses were presented in the form of levels of significance, size of the effects (e.g., correlation coefficient, β-value), and accuracy  (e.g., confidence intervals)."]
[null,"Ethics and competing interests"]
[28,"The study was conducted with approval of Ethics Committee. Participants signed the informed consent at the beginning of the study."]
[29,"The funding sources for the study were stated and all competing interests were disclosed (or it was explicitly stated that the authors had no competing interests)."]
[null,"Other"]
[30,"Other aspects of study design, performance or reporting that influence reliability."]
[null,"RELEVANCE"]
[null,"Study design"]
[1,"The study design is relevant to the research question."]
[null,"Participants"]
[2,"The studied population group and the life stage of participants are relevant to investigate the research question."]
[null,"Exposure"]
[3,"The (bio)matrices used to measure exposure are relevant."]
[null,"Outcome"]
[4,"The studied outcome is appropriate for the risk assessment question."]
[null,"Analysis"]
[5,"The association between exposure and outcome is biologically relevant."]